Determining Geological Properties by a Hybrid Seismic-Magnetotelluric Approach

This paper concerns the controlled source audio magnetotelluric technique (CSAMT) for imaging subsurface structure. Given the short time available, we limited our investigation to a simple 1D earth model where regional seismic and well logs suggest discrete layers, each with constant seismic velocity and constant electrical conductivity. In addition, the well logs provide rough estimates of velocity and conductivity for use as a starting point in the seismic and MT inversions

Forchhammeria and Stixis (Brassicales): Stem and Wood Anatomical Diversity, Ecological and Phylogenetic Significance

Qualitative and quantitative data are given for wood anatomy of six of the 11 recognized species of Forchhammeria (Mexico, Central America, West Indies), a genus formerly placed in Capparaceae. Though still in Brassicales, the genus has been excluded, along with several other genera, from the major recognized families of that order on the basis of molecular data. Liquid-preserved material of several species permitted detailed histological accounts of the successive cambia and their development in the stems of Forchhammeria. Successive cambia have a curious distribution in Brassicales that may represent homoplasies. Most wood features of the genus do not appear highly xeromorphic, but presence of tracheids as a wood background tissue and abundance of starch and perhaps water storage in ray parenchyma and conjunctive tissue can be cited as mechanisms likely to resist embolism formation. Forchhammeria retains green leaves throughout the dry season. Forchhammeria tamaulipana, known only from Tamaulipas State, Mexico, the single species of a new subgenus, Pauciflora, is newly described. Its embryos have nearly equal cotyledons and germinate epigeously, whereas all remaining species of the genus are pseudomonocotylous and hypogeous. These and other distinctive features of F. tamaulipana may prove significant in providing links to other brassicalean genera. The family name Stixaceae Doweld is now appropriate for Forchhammeria, Neothorelia, Stixis, and Tirani

Physiology

Contains reports on four research projects

An arrhythmogenic metabolite in atrial fibrillation

Abstract Background Long-chain acyl-carnitines (ACs) are potential arrhythmogenic metabolites. Their role in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains incompletely understood. Using a systems medicine approach, we assessed the contribution of C18:1AC to AF by analysing its in vitro effects on cardiac electrophysiology and metabolism, and translated our findings into the human setting. Methods and results Human iPSC-derived engineered heart tissue was exposed to C18:1AC. A biphasic effect on contractile force was observed: short exposure enhanced contractile force, but elicited spontaneous contractions and impaired Ca2+ handling. Continuous exposure provoked an impairment of contractile force. In human atrial mitochondria from AF individuals, C18:1AC inhibited respiration. In a population-based cohort as well as a cohort of patients, high C18:1AC serum concentrations were associated with the incidence and prevalence of AF. Conclusion Our data provide evidence for an arrhythmogenic potential of the metabolite C18:1AC. The metabolite interferes with mitochondrial metabolism, thereby contributing to contractile dysfunction and shows predictive potential as novel circulating biomarker for risk of AF

Relative-amplitude-preserving prestack time migration by the equivalent offset method

Bibliography: p. 323-332

Mathematical modelling – A key to citizenship education

The pandemic has demonstrated more than ever that citizens around the world need to understand how mathematics contributes to understanding global challenges and ways of overcoming them. People need to understand that predictions are based on models that make use of assumptions and the best inputs available. They also need to learn to critically evaluate reports based on the outcomes of models to make effective decisions and deal with the inherent uncertainty in an appropriate way. These capabilities make it clear that mathematical modelling is a key element of citizenship education. Given this fundamental role of modelling, we take a closer look at its definition, its history, its connection to other teaching approaches, as well as the competences students need to carry through modelling processes and the competences teachers need for teaching modelling

3. Integral Techniques

International audienc

THE KNOWLEDGE FILTER, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

This paper explores the relationship between knowledge creation, entrepreneurship, and economic growth in the United States over the last 150 years. According to the “new growth theory,” investments in knowledge and human capital generate economic growth via spillovers of knowledge. But the theory does not explain how or why spillovers occur, or why large investments in R&D do not always result in economic growth. What is missing is “the knowledge filter” - the distinction between general knowledge and economically useful knowledge. Also missing is a mechanism (such as entrepreneurship) converting economically relevant knowledge into economic activity. This paper shows that the unprecedented increase in R&D spending in the United States during and after World War II was converted into economic activity via incumbent firms in the early postwar period and increasingly via new ventures in the last few decades.QC 2012020